Atomic and Nuclear Physics Test 01

Total Questions: 23

1 - Isotopes are atoms of same element with different:

A ) atomic mass ✅
B ) atomic number
C ) number of protons
D ) number of electrons

3 - Which among the following radiation has more penetrating power?

A ) a beta particle
B ) a gamma ray ✅
C ) an alpha particle
D ) all have the same penetrating ability

4 - What happen to the atomic number of an element which emits one alpha?

A ) increases by 1
B ) stays the same
C ) decreases by 2 ✅
D ) decreases by 1

5 - The half-life of a certain isotopes is 1 day. What is the quantity of isotopes after 2 days?

A ) One half
B ) One quarter ✅
C ) One eighth
D ) none of these

7 - Release of energy by the sun is due to:

A ) nuclear fission
B ) nuclear fusion ✅
C ) burning of gases
D ) chemical reaction

8 - When a heavy nucleus splits into lighter nuclei, the process would:

A ) release nuclear energy ✅
B ) absorb nuclear energy
C ) release chemical energy
D ) absorb chemical energy

9 - The reason carbon dating work is that:

A ) Plants and animals are such strong emitters of carbon 14.
B ) After a plant or animal dies, it stops taking in fresh carbon – 14. ✅
C ) There is so much non–radioactive carbon dioxide in the air.
D ) When a plant or animal dies, they absorb fresh C-14.

10 - The temperature at the center of sun is:

A ) 10 million K
B ) 20 million K ✅
C ) 30 million K
D ) 35 million K

11 - The half-life of Lead Pb is:

A ) 10 hour
B ) 10.10 hours
C ) 10.6 hours ✅
D ) 1 year

12 - The half-life of carbon -14 is:

A ) 5730 years ✅
B ) 5740 years
C ) 5750 years
D ) 5760 years

13 - When 1 kg of Uranium -235 splits then energy related is:

A ) 6.7 x 10¹¹ J ✅
B ) 6 x 10⁷J
C ) 67 J
D ) 7 J

14 - When 1 tonne of coal is burnt then amount of energy is released:

A ) 36 × 10⁸J
B ) 3.6 ×10¹⁰J ✅
C ) 36J
D ) 36 × 10¹⁰J

15 - Nuclear fission was first observed in:

A ) 1936
B ) 1937
C ) 1938
D ) 1939 ✅

16 - Radioactive isotope present in atmosphere is:

A ) Cobalt -60
B ) Ph-32
C ) carbon -14 ✅
D ) carbon 20

Explanation:
  1. Radioactivity was  discovered by Becquerel.
  2. Radioactivity emerges from: Nuclear energy.
  3. Radioactivity is measured by which device Geiger counter.
  4. Thorium metal is not only magnetic but also radioactive Radioactive element are Plutonium, Thorium, Uranium.
  5.  Alpha rays is a positively charged particle emitted by a radioactive element.
  6. A negatively charged particle emitted by a radioactive element during radioactive decay is called a Beta particle.
  7. Radioactive isotopes are used in medicine for both diagnostic imaging and treatment.
  8. A 100 g sample of a radioactive element has a half life of 5 days. 12.5grams of radioactive material will remain after 15 days.
  9. Radioactive elements have atomic number greater than82.
  10. Weak Nuclear Force is responsible for the radioactive decay of the nucleus.
  11. The radioactive material must be placed in a box of Lead.
  12. Radioactive cobalt 60 is used for curing: Cancerous cells.
  13. Radioactive isotope present in atmosphere is: carbon -14.
  14. Unstable nuclei  are radioactive.When radioactivity rays are passed through air or any gas, they cause it to Ionize.

18 - The half-life of radium 226 is:

A ) 1600 years
B ) 1610 years
C ) 1620 years ✅
D ) 1630 years

19 - Radiation was found in:

A ) 1896 ✅
B ) 1895
C ) 1897
D ) 1898

20 - Safe limit of radiation exposure in one year:

A ) 4 rem
B ) 5 rem ✅
C ) 3 rem
D ) 6 rem

21 - The half-life of argon nuclide Ar-40 is:

A ) 2× 10⁸ years
B ) 2.2 ×10⁸ years
C ) 2.4 × 10⁸ years ✅
D ) 2.8 × 10⁸ years

22 - The half life of plutonium

A ) 2.00 years
B ) 2.35 years
C ) 2.79 years
D ) 2.85 years ✅

23 - The half life of cobalt ⁶⁰ /²⁷ Co is:

A ) 10 years
B ) 20 years
C ) 30 years ✅
D ) 40 years